Improvement in sewing-machines



2 he ets shee't 1. W. A. MACK. SEWING MACHINE.

No. 38,592. Patented May 19, 1863.

Witnesses v 2 Sheets-Sheet 2.

W. A. MACK. SEWING MACHINE.

Patehted May 19, 1863.

Fig. 4-

Inverikrr wgness es d UNITED ST TES" WILLIAM A. MAGK,

PATENT OFFICE.

OF SEVILLE. OHIO.

IMPROVEMENT IN SEWING-MACHINES.

Specification forming part of Letters Patent No. 38,592, dated May 19, 1863.

have invented new and useful Improvements" in Sewing-Machines; and-I do hereby declare ,that the following is a full and complcte'de-- scription of the constructionandoperation of the same, reference being had to the accompanying drawings, making part of this specification, inwhich- Figure 1 is a side view, F ig. 2 is a front view. Fig.3isaview of the under side. Fig.4 is a; longitudinal vertical section, and Figs-5 and 6 are} views of the shuttle.

Like letters refer to like parts.

The nature of my invention relates, first, to. the devices for throwing the shuttlesecond, to theconstruction of the shuttle-and shuttleruce, and, third, to the devices fordr'iving the feed-wheel.

In the accompanying. drawings, A A A represcntthe frameef the machine. This consists of a bed-plate, A, standard A, and arm A". The bed-plate A,when the machine is in working order, is mounted upon a table and secured by s'crews at the corners. The stand ard A is secured to the bed-plate'A by means of screws B, which pass upward through the bed-plate into the base of the standard. The standard A and arm A are cast in onepiece, with the exception of the side shown in Fig. 1, in which the sides are detachable for the purposeof gainiugready access tothev interior of the standard and arm.

0 represents a driving-shaft, which passes the whole length of the arm A. Upon the left-hand end,'as seen in'the figures, is secured a driving-pulley, I). The pulley fits closely to the standard A, and prevents the-shaft from end-chasing in one direction. Upon theiopposite end of the shaft is secured the crankwheel E, which is secured upon the shaft close to the end of the arm and preserves the shaft.

from moving endwistoward the standard A. The crank heel E carries the wrist 0, whose revolution upon the wheel E describes an exact circle. The arm A" divides at the front end into two branches, 0. and a, thus forming the-bearings and guides for the needle bar F, which rests in depressions in the front end of each, where it is secured by a cap on each, as shown at; F.

.. The needle-bar 'F consists of a bar of steel,

about fivc-eighths of an inch wide,- one-eighth of an inch thick, and about one foot or lessin length. The middle portion is'occupied by a cam-slot, G, of peculiar shape, forming an irregular rounded angle, (shown in thefigured which gives the needlebar a kind-of intermittent motion-that is, the movement upward is steady and regular, while the-downward stroke is q uick at first, and upon reaching the lowest point suddenly rising a little toallow the nose of the shuttle to pass between the needle andihread, then again slightly dome ward, thus giving slack to the thread, the

moment the shuttle passes through the loop,

and then quickly rising todraw in the slack and tighten the stitch. he simultaneous move ment of the, shuttle is governed by deviceshereinafter described. This intermittent motion of the needle-bar isvery importanh as it prevents the shuttle frombreakin'g the'needlethread in its passage through the loop. The needle is secured to. the needle-bar by means of the screw-clumpH'. (Showniulaigs.2and4.)

Upon the shaft: 6', within the'standard A,

is secured an eccentric, 1, so placed upon the shaft as to cause the shuttle-arm to vibrate at. theri'ght moment to pass the shuttle through the loop, as above described. The motion forward, being given when the body of the eccen-- oted to the-standard A at aboutone-thirdof its distance above the middle Ofthe arm J, as shown at J. The upper and short. end of this arm is divided or forked-and embracestheeccentlic I. The lower end ofthis nrmenters a-short tube, L, as shown inFig. 4, which forms one part ofa universal oint. The lower end of the pipe L is pierced transversely with around hole,

.into which fits the short end of the arm K, having also a round tenon, and by this means the compound universal joinuwhich connects the armsJ and K- is formed. The arm Kis pivoted to the under side of the bed-plate A at a distancc-ot'about one-third of its length from the end, connecting with the tube L, as shown at K, the long end of the arm reaching forward to the shuttle-race M, where it divides into two branches or wings, m in, Fig. 6, fortning thereby what; is termedthe cradleiot' the shuttle. These wings, which form the cradle. sweep around within the shuttle-race M, and move the shuttle. back and forth in the working of the machine.

The shuttle-race M consists of a curved trough embracing in extent about one-sixth of a circle whose center is in the' pin K. In its cross-section the front is vertical upon the inside and the bottom inclines upward atta n angle of about thirty degrees, more or less, and in this curved and angular trough the shuttle is causedto move back and forth as before explained.

:The shuttle N is about two inches long and v half an inch indiameter. The body is-a holghi'w. cylinder, in which is contained the spool it; :The heel of the shuttle is titled with a j, nicely-fitting screw, N, which forms a bearf ing for one end of the spool. the other end lie- H lug: supported as shown in Fig. 6. The exterio'r of the screw N is neatly polished, and is ntithe same size as the body of the shuttle. .-l.h e nose of the shuttle is rounded off upon the hack side, as'seen in Figs. 5 andti, the point N resting closely against the front and vertical wall of the shuttle-race M.

Upon the upper margin of the shuttle is a rib, rs, which is provided with six or more round holes, smooth and polished, through which the spool-thread is laced to give it the required amount of tension. A greater or less number may be used, as may be required to give the proper tension. The thread passes out from the body of the shuttle through an opening, a, in front or the rib a, which opening isnearl as long the spool. t

' In consequence of the angular form ot'the shuttle-race and the above descrtbel form of the-shuttle, it will be perceived that when thisbody (the shuttle) is placedin the shuttle-race the preponderance of the gravitating power ofthe shuttle. willbe outside ot'a vertical line drawn through the shuttle, and conseqtiently "the shnttlc cannot by any sudden movement of the wings in in he thrown into an abnormal position.

The shattotthefeeding apparatus is shown at O. This shaft extends the whole length of the bed-plate. Beneath .the standard A is atshown in Fig. 4, in which the wheel can move treely, while the gripe remains at right angles to its face. The lower end ofthe lever P passes loosely through a round huh-in the outer end otthe grip P, and thus forms an articulation. Now, when the cam Q. by the revolution of the shaft 0. forces the upper end of the arm from the shaft 0. the lower end at the same instant moves the outer end of the grip P-iuthe opposite direction, causing it to grip or bind upon the face of the wheel 0', and thus rotating it a distance correspondi g with the movement of the lower end of tholever P. The action of the spring R is to carry the grip P back as far as the width ofthe slot will allow and to hold the grip obliquely upon the wheel. The spring R prevents the wheel 0 from turning backward, while it does not retard its forward movement. The upper end of this lever is' operated by means of a cam, Q, upon the shaft U, which causes a vibrating motion ot'the lever upon .th'epin Q,-and thus operating the grip .P upon the wheel 0''. At each revolution of the shaft 0 the grip P'is carried back upon the faucet the wheel 0' by means of the spring R, which'pressesupon the back side of the grip and carries it upon the wheel to its proper position for a new hold. The ex v tent of the movement of the hgrip upon the wheel 0 is governed by a set-scremlt, against which the lower end of the lever P rests.

Upon the outer end of the shaft 0 is secured a burr-wheel, S, which passes through the bed, plate ,A close in front of the needle, and by its gives motion to the cloth, in order to form the stitchestheneedle-har is up. By means of the setscrew R, which governs; the extent of the motion of the lever P, the length of the stitch can be regulated even while the machine is in motion.

The devices for holding the spool, taking up theslack thread as the needle rises, and for holding down the. cloth are of common forms, and which it is not necessary here to describe. What I claim. as myimprovement, and' (lesire to secure by Letters Patent, is-'- 1 1. The universal joint formed by the union of the arms J and K with the socket L, these several parts being constructed, arranged and operated as and for-the purpose specified.

The shuttle N. in combinationwith the curved shuttle race M, having an angular trough, when both the shuttle and race are constructed. arranged, and operated substantially as set forth.

3. The arm 1, grip P, spring 1t, and wheel 0, when these parts are constructed, arranged,

, pose specified. I

WILLIAM'A. MACK.

Witnesses:

J. BRAINERD,

A. W. MCCLELLANI),

motion, which coincides with the needle 0',

The cam Q is so adjusted upon the shaft 0' that the feed-wheel is tnovedtorwardwhile and operated substantially as and forthepur- 

